Basic computer knowledge
What are the basic computer knowledge?
Computer, also known as computer, is a kind of machine, and it is used more and more now. Computer is an electronic computing machine used for high-speed calculation. It can perform numerical calculations, logical calculations, and also has storage and memory functions. The following is what I bring to you. What are the basic computer knowledge? Welcome to read.
1. What parts does a computer consist of?
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From the appearance, a computer is composed of three major parts: host (main part), output device (monitor), and input device (keyboard and mouse).
From the perspective of logical composition, a computer can be divided into five parts: controller, arithmetic unit, memory, input device, and output device.
2. What is computer configuration? How to check the computer configuration?
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Computer configuration refers to the basic information of the computer’s hardware, such as CPU model, hard disk size, display size, etc. Method: View on the desktop. Click “My Computer” – “Properties” to view the system version, CPU model, and memory size; if you click “General” – “Device Manager”, you can view the number of CPU cores, hard disk model and size, optical drive and other configurations; if you click “Advanced” – “Performance Settings” – “Visual Effects” or “Advanced”, you can view settings such as visual effects and virtual memory.
Click “Start” – “Programs” – “Accessories” – “System Tools” – “System Information” to view the detailed configuration of the computer.
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Software check. Download and install Lu Master, EVEREST, Windows Optimizer, Super Rabbit, etc. You can also check the detailed configuration, and these software can also test the performance of the computer.
View through the control panel. (Omitted)
Use cmd command: dxdiag. (Omitted)
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3. What is an operating system? What Windows systems are there? What system is commonly used now?
An operating system (OS) is a set of programs that manage computer hardware and software resources. The most common ones are the window-based operating systems developed by Microsoft Corporation, namely the Windows operating system, such as Windows, Windows 10, Windows 10, Windows XP, Windows Vista, and Windows 7 (arranged from low-level to high-level versions). Among them, Windows XP is the most common, most widespread, most popular, and most convenient to operate. However, most newly purchased laptops now have Win7 systems. Win7 is currently the most advanced and powerful system (Win8 has also been developed, but its application is not yet widespread), and it is the mainstream of the future market. However, Win7 takes up a lot of space and has high requirements for computer configuration (many old computers are not suitable for Win7 systems). It is not as convenient to operate as XP, and its compatibility is not as good as XP.
4. What do the C, D, E, and F drives we often talk about mean?
The C, D, E, and F drives we often talk about are actually partitions of the hard disk (Hard Disk Drive, also known as hard disk drive, for short).
A computer usually has only one hard disk with a capacity of 80-. A hard disk can be used as a partition (the system defaults to C drive, but it is not recommended, see reason 5), or it can be divided into several partitions (usually 4). When divided into several partitions, you will see C and D drives??
In this way, each partition is independent of each other and does not affect each other, which is conducive to data preservation. Generally, the C drive is the system drive, which is used to install the operating system; the D drive is used to store software and important data; and the E and F drives can be used to store data, movies, etc.
5. Some questions about drive C.
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Drive C is the system drive. If you are not familiar with the data and files in it, you should not move, rename, merge or delete them at will, especially the data in the Windows folder. Otherwise, it will cause the computer to fail to boot normally, freeze or even crash.
Important files and data such as photos, txt, doc, ppt, xls documents, etc. should not be placed on the C drive (nor on the desktop, the desktop also belongs to the C drive). Commonly used software and programs should not be installed on the C drive. Once the system is reinstalled, all data on the C drive will be lost, while other drives will not be affected. Therefore, we should divide the hard drive into several partitions for use.
6. What is a removable disk? Some questions about removable disks.
A removable disk, as the name suggests, is a removable disk. To be more professional, it is a removable storage device, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile phone connected to a computer with a data cable, a card reader, MP4, a mobile hard disk, etc.
When ejecting a removable disk, be sure to click the green arrow in the lower right corner of the desktop – “Safely Remove Hardware” before unplugging the disk. Otherwise, it will cause data errors in the disk, resulting in incomplete files, and in serious cases, damage to the USB device. Unrecognizable USB device: There are many reasons for this situation, such as computer support, USB not plugged in properly, poor line contact, insufficient voltage in the USB interface, and the USB device being forcibly unplugged while reading or writing data. There are many solutions, such as trying a few more computers, replugging, trying a few more data cables, etc. If the problem still cannot be solved, then your USB device is broken and you can only buy a new one.
The general volume device cannot be stopped now: the reasons are as follows: there are files or programs in the removable disk, the window is open; the influence of other programs; virus problems. So it is best not to forcibly unplug the disk at this time, otherwise it may cause data corruption, file loss or unusability in the disk, damage the computer’s USB interface or even scrap the disk.
There is an extra “.exe” after the files or folders in the disk, and some files are unavailable, and some are missing. This is a symptom of mobile disk poisoning, because you have inserted the disk into a computer with a virus, especially computers in Internet cafes and schools, which have many viruses. Solution: First call up the anti-virus software on the computer, scan the disk, and remove the virus. Then in the “Folder Options”, “Show all files and folders” and display “Hide protected operating system files” (see 15 for details), then the lost files will be displayed. If you find that all the poisoned files have turned gray (that is, they are hidden), it will be more troublesome: use the cmd command to modify the properties.
When copying data from a computer to a removable disk, the system pops up a dialog box saying “The disk is write-protected, please remove the write protection or use another disk.” What should I do? Solution: Modify the registry.
All the files in the removable disk are lost, but the disk capacity is shown as occupied. Solution: Check – “Automatically fix file errors” and “Scan and attempt to recover bad sectors”, and then delete the hidden FOUND. folder.
7. What is Task Manager? What does it do?
Also known as Windows Task Manager, it is a tool for managing applications and processes in Windows systems. It can view currently running programs and processes and their memory and CPU usage, and can terminate certain programs and processes. In addition, it can monitor the usage of system resources.
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Under the “Shutdown” menu, you can complete operations such as standby, hibernation, shutdown, restart, logout, and switch users; under Applications, all currently running applications are displayed, such as My Computer, browsers, folders and documents being opened, etc. When an application is unresponsive, you can click “End Task” here to close it directly; under Processes, all currently running processes are displayed, including applications, background services, etc., such as QQ.exe (Tencent QQ), .exe (Secure Browser), Thuder.exe (Thunder), etc.; under Performance, you can see the usage of CPU, memory, and page files. When the machine is stuck, frozen, or infected, the CPU usage rate will reach %.
(Note): What should I do if my computer freezes or freezes? First, do not perform any operations. After a few minutes, it will generally return to normal. If it still freezes, call up the Task Manager and close the unresponsive program under “Applications”; or end “EXPLORER.EXE” or “explorer.exe” in “Processes”. At this time, there will be nothing on the desktop. Call up the Task Manager again – “Processes” – “New Task” – enter “explorer.exe”, and confirm. At this time, the desktop will return and the freezing problem will be solved. If the Task Manager cannot be called up, you can only restart or force shut down the computer.